| 337 | 2 | 93 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
快乐是学生健康成长中的重要影响因素,运用质性分析方法对1 307篇小学生主题作文进行编码分析,以探究小学生快乐的类型及来源.结果表明:小学生最常体验的快乐来源于兴趣(体育、艺术)、学业进步(辅导班、学校)、人际关系(亲子关系、同伴关系)、感官刺激;小学低年级学生快乐度要高于小学高年级学生,呈现随年级升高而小幅下降趋势;小学低年级学生要比小学高年级学生从家庭方面、同伴关系方面获得更多的快乐;小学生在快乐广度与深度方面随年级升高而不断加深.不同年级小学生快乐源有所不同,为了提升小学生快乐并促进其心理健康发展,需要从个人、家庭与学校三个方面共同推进.
Abstract:Happiness is an important factor in the healthy growth of students. In order to explore the types and sources of students' happiness, qualitative analysis is used to encode and analyze 1 307 theme compositions of primary school students. The results show that the most commonly experienced happiness of primary school students comes from interests(sports, art), academic progress(tutoring class, school), interpersonal relationship(parent-child relationship, peer relationship) and sensory stimulation. The happiness degree of the lower grade students is higher than that of the higher grade students. Lower grade students get more happiness from family and peer relationships than higher grade students. The breadth and depth of primary school students' happiness increase with grades. The happiness sources of students in different grades are different. In order to promote the happiness and mental health development of primary school students, it is necessary to promote from three aspects: individual, family and school factors.
[1]中华人民共和国国务院.《国务院关于实施健康中国行动的意见》印发实施中小学健康促进行动[EB/OL].(2019-07-16).[2020-12-05]. http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_xwfb/s5147/201907/t20190716_390760.html.
[2]张道祥.当代普通心理学[M].长春:吉林大学出版社,2006:303-304.
[3]苗爽.浅析如何创建快乐学堂[J].教学管理与教育研究,2017,(24):107-108.
[4]曹飞.中小学生幸福观现状及其认识[J].思想理论教育,2012,(14):27-30.
[5]陈红,肖子伦,李书慧,等.幸福感的神经机制:来自中枢神经系统的证据[J].西南大学学报(社会科学版),2017,43(2):106-113+199.
[6]陈秀英.小学生快乐程度及影响因素调查研究[J].教学与管理,2008,(18):51-52.
[7] BRONFENBRENNER U. The Ecology of Human Development:Experiments by Nature and Design[M]. Cambridge:Harvard University Press, 1979:3-4.
[8] HOLDER M D, COLEMAN B. The Contribution of Social Relationships to Children's Happiness[J]. Journal of Happiness Studies, 2009,10(3):329-349.
[9]秦晓燕.小学生的幸福观研究[D].石家庄:河北师范大学,2018.
[10] HARTER S. Developmental Changes in Self-understanding Across the 5 To 7 Shift[M]//The Five To Seven Year Shift:The Age of Reason and Responsibility. Chicago:University of Chicago Press, 1996:207-236.
[11] BANDURA A. Self-efficacy:The Exercise of Control[M]. New York:Freeman, 1997:173-174.
[12] BANDURA A. Self-efficacy Mechanism in Human Agency[J]. American Psychologist, 1982, 37(2):122-147.
[13]余鹏,宿淑华,李丽.大学生归因方式、自我效能感与主观幸福感的关系研究[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2005,(1):43-44+42.
[14]何灿,魏华.儿童主观幸福感和同伴关系的相关性[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2015,23(9):1 384-1 387.
[15] MASTEN A S, COATSWORTH J D. The Development of Competence in Favorable and Unfavorable Environments:Lessons From Research on Successful Children[J]. American Psychologist, 1998, 53(2):205-220.
[16]林艺娟.小学生主观幸福感与师生关系的关系研究———以泉州市X小学为例[D].福州:福建师范大学,2017.
[17]何更生,葛爱莲,孙桂丽.小学生在学校的生活快乐吗———现状分析及教育对策[J].教育科学研究,2010,(5):37-40.
[18] BEN-ARIEH A. How do We Measure and Monitor the"State of Our Children"?:Revisiting the Topic in Honor of Sheila B. Kamerman[J].Children and Youth Services Review, 2012, 34(3):569-575.
[19] KAHNEMAN D, KRUEGER A B, SCHKADE D A, et al. A Survey Method for Characterizing Daily Life Experience:The Day Reconstruction Method[J]. Science, 2004, 306(5 702):1 776-1 780.
[20]陈向明.扎根理论的思路和方法[J].教育研究与实验,1999,4(4):58-63.
[21]罗丹.基于核心素养的小学生阅读学业成就评价研究[J].语文建设,2019(2):69-72.
[22]程方平. 2009-2010年中国学生成长状态研究(2)———对小学生兴趣爱好和心理状态调查的点评[J].教育科学研究,2012,(2):41-48.
[23]柴娇,林加彬.我国中小学生体育运动项目学习兴趣变化规律研究[J].沈阳体育学院学报,2018,37(2):80-88.
[24]彭聃龄.普通心理学(第4版)[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2012:385.
[25]李艳丽.培养小学学困生学业自我效能感的思考[J].教育探索,2009,(11):84-85.
[26]许娥.需求理论与学习动机[J].云南财贸学院学报,2004,(5):117-120.
[27]黄林娟,林丹华.中学生手机心理需求与手机依赖的关系[J].中国青年政治学院学报,2011,30(5):35-40.
[28]席居哲,桑标,邓赐平.儿童心理健康发展的家庭生态系统特点研究[J].心理科学,2004,(1):72-76.
[29]焦秋月.家庭环境对小学一年级新生学习适应性影响研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆师范大学,2017.
[30]雷晓梅,宁宁,刘利,等.家庭环境和教养方式对小学生学业成绩的影响研究[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2019,27(9):962-966.
[31]侯静,陈会昌,王争艳,等.亲子互动研究及其进展[J].心理科学进展,2002,(2):185-191.
[32] HALE C, WINDECKER E. Influence of Parent-child Interaction During Reading on Preschoolers'Cognitive Abilities[J]. Cognitive Ability, 1992:19.
[33] CARSON J L, PARKE R D. Reciprocal Negative Affect in Parent-child Interactions and Children's Peer Competency[J]. Child Development, 1996, 67(5):2 217-2 226.
[34] JACOB T, JOHNSON S L. Parent-child Interaction Among Depressed Fathers and Mothers:Impact on Child Functioning[J]. Journal of Family Psychology, 1997, 11(4):391-409.
[35]周燕.影响中小学生心理健康的主要家庭环境因素[J].华东师范大学学报(教育科学版),2000,(2):19-24.
[36] UUSITALO-MALMIVAARA L. Global and School-related Happiness in Finnish Children[J]. Journal of Happiness Studies, 2012, 13(4):601-619.
[37] HARTUP W W, STEVENS N. Friendships and Adaptation Across the Life Span[J]. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 1999, 8(3):76-79.
[38]刘亚轩.美国小学快乐课堂及其启示[J].教学与管理,2015,(29):55-57.
基本信息:
DOI:10.13573/j.cnki.sjzxyxb.2021.03.022
中图分类号:G444
引用信息:
[1]吴贤华,赵佳欣,苏寅春,等.小学生快乐源自何处——基于武汉样本[J].石家庄学院学报,2021,23(03):143-151.DOI:10.13573/j.cnki.sjzxyxb.2021.03.022.
2021-05-19
2021-05-19