石家庄学院学报

最高人民法院2023年施行的《最高人民法院关于商品房消费者权利保护问题的批复》，赋予商品房消费者交付房屋请求权以及价款返还请求权优先于其他债权、抵押权以及建设工程价款优先受偿权实现的效力，产生根据在于背后的社会政策价值。司法解释的规范形式无法提供高位阶的法律依据，需要探索法教义学的解释，为这一权利的合法性提供强有力的法理支撑。这种商品房消费者超级优先权应作为法定优先权存在，而非事实物权和物权期待权。应严格限制这种法定优先权的适用要件，增加公示对抗的公开效力，同时设置长期怠于登记即权利消灭的除斥期间，以平衡商品房消费者与其他不动产权利人的利益博弈。

The Reply of the Supreme People's Court on the Pretection of Consumeer Right of Commercial Housing implemented in 2023 grants consumers of commercial housing the right to request delivery of housing and the right to request price return priority over other creditors, mortgages, and the right to priority repayment of construction project prices. The effectiveness of this realization is based on the social policy value behind it. The normative form of judicial interpretation cannot provide high-level legal basis, and it is necessary to explore the interpretation of legal doctrine to provide strong legal support for the legitimacy of this right. The super priority right of consumers in this type of commercial housing should exist as a statutory priority, rather than a factual property right and property expectation right. The application requirements of this statutory priority should be strictly limited,and the public effectiveness of public opposition should be increased. At the same time, a period of exclusion for long-term neglect of registration and the elimination of rights should be set up to balance the interests of consumers of commercial housing and other real estate rights holders.